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Along with other microbes, Proteobacteria are the most common microbes in our gut. However, they should be kept at very low levels as they possess many dangerous human pathogens with the potential to cause a number of diseases. Therefore, adult human intestinal flora naturally only contains a small proportion of Proteobacteria, ranging from 2.5 to 4.6% of the total gut microbiota.

These bacteria help our intestines to keep the intestinal mucus wall intact, reduce intestinal inflammation and may even inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells and harmful bacteria. They do this indirectly by forming the short-chain fatty acid butyrate from dietary fibres. This substance is a true marvel; insufficient butyrate levels may promote not only inflammatory processes, but also a number of intestinal diseases.

Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin that is needed by the human body to produce important proteins for blood clotting. In addition, vitamin K is needed to supply calcium to bones and other tissues. The bacteria listed here can produce vitamin K. Note: Here you can see if these bacteria are present in your gut, but not how much vitamin K you actually have in your body.

These bacteria can influence how easily you gain or lose weight, for example by affecting your metabolism. According to studies, they are often found in the intestines of very slim people. This means that slim people tend to harbour more representatives of these bacteria, whereas people who want to lose weight can promote the proliferation of the little helpers with the right diet.

Vitamin B12 is important for the normal functioning of the brain and nervous system as well as for the formation of red blood cells. Unfortunately, we humans cannot produce vitamin B12 ourselves, which is why the bacteria listed here have to do it for us. Attention: Here you can read whether these bacteria are present in your intestine, but not how much vitamin B12 you actually have in your body.